The world is awash with a variety of energy sources. Fossil fuels — including oil, natural gas and coal–accounted for over 81 % of the energy consumed in the year 2018. Renewable energy sources, such as solar power, wind, hydroelectricity and biomass, make up for 14 percent. Nuclear energy accounts for another 5 percent. Different countries employ different sources of energy to meet the environmental and economic demands.
Nature provides energy in many forms including sun, wind waves and ocean. When harnessed and transformed into more efficient forms of energy, like heat or electricity, these are called primary sources. Once these energies are exhausted, they are non-renewable energy sources.
The environment is harmed by a variety of fossil fuels in addition to other energy sources that aren’t renewable. For instance mining for oil may take away the planet’s forests. Hydraulic fracture (fracking) can cause earthquakes and water pollution. Carbon dioxide is released when coal is burned which contributes to global warming.
Fortunately, the majority of the most promising sources of energy are renewable and sustainable. Wind, solar and hydropower for instance, could produce electricity without having to search for new sources.
Tidal and Wave Power are two other renewable energy sources that are gaining popularity. To be utilized on large scale, these sources of energy require efficient distribution networks. These need to be built using a source of non-renewable energy sources. These sources are not able to meet the majority of our energy requirements. Still, it’s important to keep in mind that prices for renewable energy-related equipment have fallen drastically over the last few years, and efficiency is growing rapidly.
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